Tenant rights

Residential leases must be registered by the landlord within two months of signing. If not, the tenant can end the lease at any time without notice or indemnity.

For 9-year leases, the security deposit is capped at two or three months' rent depending on the region. It must be placed on a blocked account in the tenant's name.

The landlord may not enter without prior written agreement. Reasonable notice (typically 48 hours) is required for inspections or works.

Landlords bear major/structural repairs (roof, boiler, plumbing). Tenants handle minor maintenance defined by royal decree of 12 May 2019 (e.g. changing seals, unclogging drains).

Rent may only be indexed once per year on the lease anniversary, using the health index formula. The landlord must request it in writing — it is not automatic.

The tenant can end a 9-year lease with 3 months' notice. Ending in the first 3 years triggers an indemnity of 3, 2 or 1 months' rent (year 1, 2, 3).

The deposit must be released after the exit inspection. If both parties agree there is no damage, the bank releases it within days.